How does Windows implement file and folder permissions for users and groups in NTFS?

[ProfRon]

Windows tags files and folders with secret lists. These lists decide who touches what. I mean, you log in as a user or group. Then the system checks if your name's on that list. If yes, you read or tweak the file. Otherwise, tough luck, it's locked.

Think of it like a bouncer at a club. The bouncer eyes your ID, which is your user account. Groups act as VIP passes for bunches of folks. NTFS spreads these rules down from folders to files inside. You set them via right-clicks in Explorer. Sneaky, right? Permissions stack up or block each other sometimes.

You might grant full control to yourself. But for others, just peek rights. Inheritance flows like water unless you plug the pipe. I tweak these daily to keep chaos out. Users whine when they can't access shared stuff. Groups simplify it, bundling permissions for teams.

Owners call the shots on their turf. They hand off control if needed. Deny rules trump allows, like a veto. You test by switching accounts. Feels clunky at first, but you get the hang. NTFS guards against nosy coworkers.

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