How does the operating system decide which thread to execute when multiple threads are ready to run in Windows?

[ProfRon]

You ever wonder why your PC doesn't freeze when you're juggling apps? The OS in Windows acts like a referee in a chaotic game. It eyes all the threads itching to run. Each thread has a priority level, kinda like who's yelling loudest for attention.

I mean, the scheduler picks the one with the highest priority first. It gives that thread a quick burst of CPU time. Then it checks again if something more urgent pops up.

You know, priorities shift based on what you're doing. Like if you're gaming, that thread jumps ahead. Background stuff gets shoved back a bit.

It's not perfect, though. Sometimes it balances fairness so no thread hogs everything forever. The OS juggles this on multiple cores too, spreading the load.

Threads ready to roll sit in a queue. The scheduler scans it constantly. It decides based on those priority tags and fairness rules.

Picture it as a bouncer at a club. High-priority threads skip the line. Low ones wait their turn without causing a riot.

Windows tweaks this with boost mechanisms. Interactive tasks get a temporary edge. That keeps your mouse smooth and apps snappy.

If two threads tie in priority, it might round-robin them. You get equal slices until one needs more.

The whole setup prevents one thread from dominating. Your system stays responsive even under pressure.

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